High-Frequency Alternating Currents

• Description: Shortwave diathermy uses alternating currents with frequencies typically ranging between 1.8 to 30 megahertz (MHz).
• Effect: These high-frequency currents produce electromagnetic fields that penetrate the body tissues.

Electromagnetic Field Generation

• Description: The diathermy machine generates an electromagnetic field through the application of an electrical current.
• Effect: The field induces electrical currents within the body tissues, specifically within the target area.

Deep Tissue Heating

• Description: The electromagnetic fields cause the oscillation of charged particles (such as ions) within the tissues.
• Effect: This oscillation generates heat internally, producing a deep heating effect that penetrates several centimeters into the body.

Conversion of Electrical Energy

• Description: The electrical energy from the currents is converted into thermal energy.
• Effect: This heat is distributed within the tissues, raising the temperature and increasing blood flow to the area.

Inductive and Capacitive Techniques

• Inductive Method: Uses a coil or drum applicator placed close to the body to create an electromagnetic field. The field generates heat in the tissues through electromagnetic induction.
• Capacitive Method: Involves placing electrodes or plates on either side of the body part being treated. The alternating current creates a dielectric effect, heating the tissues between the electrodes.

Increased Blood Flow and Metabolism

• Description: The heat produced by shortwave diathermy causes vasodilation (expansion of blood vessels) in the treated area.
• Effect: Enhances blood flow, promotes tissue healing, and increases metabolism in the affected tissues.

Pain Relief and Muscle Relaxation

• Description: The heat generated helps to relax muscles and alleviate pain.
• Effect: Provides symptomatic relief from conditions involving muscle spasms, joint pain, and soft tissue injuries.